Reported Speech

Reported Speech (The Dependent Clause) - The Verb TO BE

In English this can be expressed in two ways :
He says that he is cold or omitting the conjunction He says he is cold

In Gàidhlig there is only the one way. This must include the equivalent of the conjunction *that*, which in positive statements is the particle *gun* / *gum* (although gu before *bheil*). This is followed by the dependent form of the verb :
Tha e ag ràdh gu bheil e fuar - He says that he is cold

Similarly in the negative, English can omit the conjunction :
He says that he is not cold or He says he is not cold

Again Gàidhlig must include the equivalent of the conjunction which in negative statements is the particle *nach*. This is followed by the dependent form of the verb :
Tha e ag ràdh nach eil* e fuar* - He says that* he is not cold*

The pattern for all other tenses is the same as the present and can be summarised as :
*gun* / gum + dependent form of verb for positive clauses
*nach* + dependent form of verb for negative clauses

In the Past Tense of the verb **To Be** this gives :
Tha e ag ràdh gun robh e ag obair - He says that he was working
Tha e ag ràdh nach robh* e ag obair - He says that he was not working*

In the Future Tense of the verb **To Be** this gives :
Tha e ag ràdh gum bi* e a' dol - He says that he will be going*
Tha e ag ràdh nach bi e a' dol - He says that* he will not be going*

In the Conditional Tense of the verb **To Be** this gives :
Tha e ag ràdh gum biodh* e fuar - He says that he would be cold*
Tha e ag ràdh nach biodh* e fuar - He says that he would not be cold*

Henceforth the subordinate clause described above for reported speech will be called The Dependent Clause.

NEW WORDS

**Adjectives**
ciontach - guilty	dìleas - loyal, faithful
grianach - sunny	uile - all

**Nouns**
port (m) - port, dock
eucoir (f) - crime	stoirm (f) - storm

**Verbs**
abair, ràdh (ri) - say, tell (to)	creid, creidsinn - believe
smaoinich, smaointinn / smaoineachadh (air) - think (about)

**EXERCISE 1 -** Introduce each of the following with *Tha e ag ràdh*
1.Tha e a' fuireach ann an Struighle	2.Cha bhi iad ag obair a-màireach
3.Bhiodh i ag iasgach air an loch feasgar	4.Chan eil e a' dol dhan chladach
5.Cha robh duine aig a' chèilidh a-raoir

**EXERCISE 2 -** Introduce each of the following with *Tha mi a'creidsinn*
1.Bidh stoirm ann a-nochd	2.Tha e ag obair aig a' phort
3.Cha robh iad aig an sgoil an-diugh	4.Bha na balaich uile ciontach den eucoir

**EXERCISE 3 -** Introduce each of the following with ***Tha sinn a' smaointinn***
1.Tha i glè bhòidheach	2.Bidh sinn a' fuireach ùine bheag fhathast
3.Bha iad ceàrr	4.Cha bhiodh e dìleas anns an obair sin
5.Bidh e gu math grianach feasgar a-màireach

**ANSWERS - EXERCISE 1**
1.Tha e ag ràdh gu bheil e a' fuireach ann an Struighle	2.Tha e ag ràdh nach bi iad ag obair a-màireach
3.Tha e ag ràdh gum biodh i ag iasgach air an loch feasgar	4.Tha e ag ràdh nach eil e a' dol dhan chladach
5.Tha e ag ràdh nach robh duine aig a' chèilidh a-raoir

**ANSWERS - EXERCISE 2**
1.Tha mi a' creidsinn gum bi stoirm ann a-nochd	2.Tha mi a' creidsinn gu bheil e ag obair aig a' phort
3.Tha mi a' creidsinn nach robh iad aig an sgoil an-diugh	4.Tha mi a' creidsinn gun robh na balaich uile ciontach den eucoir

**ANSWERS - EXERCISE 3**
1.Tha sinn a' smaointinn gu bheil i glè bhòidheach	2.Tha sinn a' smaointinn gum bi sinn a' fuireach ùine bheag fhathast
3.Tha sinn a' smaointinn gun robh iad ceàrr	4.Tha sinn a' smaointinn nach biodh e dìleas anns an obair sin
5.Tha sinn a' smaointinn gum bi e gu math grianach feasgar a-màireach

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