The Verb TO HAVE

The title is a bit of an anomaly since there is no verb TO HAVE in Gàidhlig. Instead the verb To Be is used in association with the preposition aig :
Tha cù aig an duine - The man has a dog  Literally: There is a dog at the man

You cannot use aig + mi to mean I HAVE. Instead a special fused form called the prepositional pronoun must be used when any pronoun follows a simple preposition :
agam - at me againn - at us
agad - at you agaibh - at you
aige - at him aca - at them
aice - at her

Some examples will help illustrate these :
Tha cù agam - I have a dog
Bha leabhar aige - He had a book
Bidh taigh ùr againn - We'll have a new house
Chan eil biadh aca - They don't have any food
An robh gàrradh agaibh? - Did you have a garden?
Tha càt aice - She has a cat
Nach eil peann agad?- Do you not have a pen?

Tha preposition aig can be used with a definite noun to give a genitive meaning :
Tha a' chathair aig a' bhalach cofhartail - The boy's chair is comfortable
Tha am biadh aig an nighean fuar - The girl's food is cold
Bha an taigh aig an duine anns a' ghleann sin. The man's house was in that glen

A common expression using aig :
Tha fios agam air - I know (a fact) about  Literally: I have knowledge on
A bheil fios agad air an tubaist? - Do you know about the accident?
Tha fios aig a h-uile duine air a sin - Everyone knows that

The prepositional pronouns also have emphatic forms . You simply add the following suffices shown in  bold :
Prepositional
Pronoun
Suffix Examples
agam sa Tha cù agamsa - I have a dog
agad sa Nach eil peann agadsa?- Do you not have a pen?
aige san Bha leabhar aigesan - He had a book
aice se Tha cat aicese - She has a cat
againn ne The taigh ùr againne - We have a new house
agaibh se A bheil gàrradh agaibhse? - Do you have a garden?
aca san Chan eil biadh acasan - They don't have any food

Gàidhlig unlike English does not normally indicate stress or emphasis by lengthening or changing the pitch of words. Luckily the emphatic endings are the same for all other prepositional pronouns you have still to meet

NEW WORDS

Adjectives
grod - rotten, grotty

Nouns
biadh (m) - food botal (m) - bottle
ceann (m) - head copan (m) - cup
fios (m) - knowledge gàrradh (m) - garden
pian (m) - pain saor-là (m) - holiday
uisge (m) - water
Beurla (f) - English language ceist (f) -question
freagairt (f) - answer seacaid (f) - jacket
obair (f) - work, job

EXERCISE 1 Translate into English
1.Tha taigh ùr agamsa 2.Bha oidhche mhath againn aig a' chèilidh
3.Cha robh gàrradh aig an fhear 4.Nach robh còta aig a' chaillich? Bha
5.Chan eil Beurla aca, ach tha Gàidhlig mhath aca 6.Chan eil uisge ann anns a' bhotal aige ach tha anns a' bhotal agamsa
7.Bidh obair ùr agam anns an taigh-òsta 8.Bhiodh feur ùr aig a' chaora anns an achadh siud
9.Bha mi anns a' bhùth aig Anna an-dè 10.Cha bhiodh sinn a' dol a-mach anns a' bhàta ùr againn

EXERCISE 2 Translate into Gàidhlig
1.There is fresh (ùr) milk in my cup 2.Didn't he have a jacket? Yes
3.Did you have a good holiday in Stornoway? Yes 4.Isn't there an empty room in your hotel? No
5.I have a bad pain in the head 6.He has a new job now
7.They don't have Gàidhlig 8.I have (some) bread and cheese in the cupboard
9.I know the answer to that question

ANSWERS EXERCISE 1
1.I have a new house 2.We had a good night at the ceilidh
3.The man didn't have a garden 4.Didn't the old woman have a coat? Yes
5.They don't have (any) English,but they have good Gàidhlig 6.There isn't any water in his bottle but there is in my bottle
7.I'll have a new job in the hotel 8.The sheep would have fresh grass in that field
9.I was in Anna's shop yesterday 10.We wouldn't be going out in our new boat

ANSWERS EXERCISE 2
1.Tha bainne ùr anns a' chopan agam 2.Nach robh seacaid aige? Bha
3.An robh saor-là math agaibh ann an Steòrnabhagh? Bha 4.Nach eil rùm falamh ann anns an taigh-òsta agaibh? Chan eil
5.Tha pian dona agam anns a' cheann 6.Tha obair ùr aige a-nis
7.Chan eil Gàidhlig acasan 8.Tha aran agus càise agamsa anns a' phreas
9.Tha fios agam air an fhreagairt den cheist sin

This lesson in PDF format

Lessons.gif (3478 bytes)

dm©lelland - Faodar na leasanan seo ath-riochdachadh le aithneachadh dhan ùghdar
dm©lelland - These lessons may be reproduced with credit to the author